THALES TSW 2250

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

TSW 2250 250 kW SW SINGLE TUBE TRANSMITTER

photo Thales TSW 2250

Designed for low life cycle costs

Performance / cost ratio
Fast and easy installation
High efficiency
Single tube
Fully automatic and remote controllable
Simple operation and maintenance

Advanced design
- Solid state RF I.P.A.
- Compact solid state TSM modulator
- Single-block architecture

Service availability
- Modularity - Redundancy
- Low stress and field proven final RF stage
- Aid to diagnostics for rapid and efficient maintenance
- High reliability

MODULAR DESIGN AND HIGH INTEGRATION FOR OPTIMUM PROFITABILITY

SOLID STATE IPA (Intermediate Power Amplifier)

The TSW 2250 is the first SW transmitter with a solid state IPA (Intermediate Power Amplifier)
The use of a wide-band RF preampiffier stage equipped with MOSFET transistors considerably reduces the interfaces and avoids the need of periodic replacement of expensive consumable elements, thus improving service availability thanks to the redundancy offered by the modular design.
The IPA covers the full frequency range without adjustment and is self protected against overcurrent, overvoltage, over temperature and excess VSWR.
The TSW 2250 is a new 250 kW single tube shortwave transmitter developed by Thales to reduce cost of ownership.
This advanced solution, which results from a comprehensive approach, has benefited from the latest technological developments that make it possible to combine very high performance with compactness, while preserving ease of operation and maintenance, and reliability.
The TSW 2250 represents a great advance in optimum use of solid state technology in high power amplitude modulation broadcasting transmitters.
The modulator and all RF stages are fully solid state apart from the final RF stage which uses the well-known Thomson-CSF hypervapotron pyrobloc grid tetrode TH 558.
To provide maximum operational availability, the TSW 2250 can continue operation with multiple failed modules in the solid state IPA (Intermediate Power Amplifier) and the solid state modulator.
The low stress final RF stage is based on a single tube rated for 500 kW operation which provides maximum reliability. All components of the RF stage are oversized and field proven as they have been used in the RF final stage of the Thales 500 kW SERIES 5 over many years and many units.
The TSW 2250 leads the second generation of high efficiency transmitters by virtue of its compact, fully automatic and fully remote controllable design and the simplicity of operation and maintenance. Exceptional experience gained with earlier Thales transmitters has been used to further improve ease of operation, reliability and to decrease life cycle costs.
In addition, the TSW 2250 has a single-block architecture minimizing the installation constraints and simplifying the problems related to the safety of operators.
Optimum integration associated with a technical architecture that ensures a good functional breakdown, offering both easy access for maintenance and reduced floor space requirements.
The single-block architecture based on enclosed sub-assemblies integrating complete functions, ensures full safety for operators while optimizing the circulation of cooling air.
The overall efficiency of the station is increased as the intake and removal of air can be easily channelled, thus reducing the flowrates and avoiding interference to the heating ventilating or air-conditioning of the transmitter hall.
The TSW 2250 transmitter design is in compliance with relevant CCIR recommendations and EN 60215 (IEC 215).

OPTIMIZED OPERATION

second generation of fully automatic microprocessor controlled remote-controllable transmitter

SIMPLE AND ERGONOMIC LOCAL OPERATION ON FRONT PANEL

Maximum integration of functions, rationalization of commands
Man/machine dialogue by function keys and on-line help
Concentration of all relevant information on the monitor screen
4 MODES: operator mode, log-book mode, system configuration mode, diagnostics support mode

TSM - Thales Solid state Modulator

The 250 kW SW transmitter TSW 2250 is equipped with a new generation highly efficient air cooled compact Solid State Modulator called TSM -Thomcast Solid state Modulator-
The TSM benefits from the long experience of the PSM range, the high level of integration of the MPM and takes advantage of Thales's most advanced features in digital signal processing.
The 48 power switching modules of the TSM employ recently developed semi-conductors (IGBT -Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) which have optimum power handling and switching speed characteristics for a solid state digital modulator.
The high level of integration which results of the large utilization of the most advanced processing signal technologies (microprocessor, DSP -Digital Signal Processor-, FPGA -Field Programmable Gate Array) provides very good technical performance while reducing considerably the number of components used.
The immediate result is the exceptional reliability of the TSM which offers a real guarantee of service continuity.
The control strategy adapts automatically to the audio waveform, thus resulting in a very low distortion rate.
A unique switching algorithm provides equal loading of all modules whatever the modulation depth or the output power and continued high quality operation even with many modules out of action.
The use of a single internal multisecondary transformer to supply the modules, combined with a high degree of mechanical integration gives very high efficiency, good accessibility and the highest security for the personnel.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
RF PERFORMANCE
Carrier output power
Rated power	250 kW into a matched 50 Ohms unbalanced load
RF output power adjustment	- two preset levels : full power and half power - one adjustable level : from 250 kW to 125 kW
RF Output
Impedance	- 50 Ohms unbalanced (Standard) - 75 Ohms unbalanced (Option) - 300 Ohms balanced with additional balun (on request)
Permissible VSWR	- less than 2 at 50 Ohms unbalanced at full rated output power - less than 3 at 50 Ohms unbalanced through an automatic power derating - less than 1.8 at 300 Ohms balanced at full rated output power
Harmonics and spurious radiations	less than 50 mW (CCIR rec 329-6)
RF port lightning protection	by spark-gaps connected accross the transmitter output circuit
Frequency
Operating frequencies	within the range - 5.9 MHz to 26.1 MHz (Standard) - 3.9 MHz to 26.1 MHz (Option) - 3.2 MHz to 26.1 MHz (on request) Full performance applies to the broadcasting bands according to ITU Radio Regulations, WARC 1992.
Frequency change	- Automatic setting to a new frequency typically less than 20 seconds to full power output. - Frequency change within the same broadcasting band typically in less than 10 seconds If the transmitter is switched to an unknown antenna system, it will start automatching operation after frequency change.
Frequency drive	- 10 Hz step synthesizer (integrated part of the transmitter) an external input for 5 MHz very high stability pilot is provided.
Frequency stability	±1 x 10^-6 per year or ±5 x 10^-7 per year (with internal standard or high stability reference)
AUDIO MODULATION
Modulation System	High level anode modulation using highly efficient air cooled compact solid state TSM * modulator * TSM (Thales Solid state Modulator) is a new generation of solid state modulator using IGBT technology developed by Thales combining the long experience of the PSM range, the high level of integration of the MPM and more powerful signal processing algorithms.
Type of transmission	- Double Side Band (DSB) : A3E - DSB with full carrier - Double Side Band with DCC : A3E with Dynamic Control Carrier - 4 resident curves cater for different programme types - Compatible AM companding (AMC) * * recommended and designed by British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) - Trapezoidal modulation - Single Side Band (SSB) : H3E with -6 dB carrier reduction, R3E with -12 dB carrier reduction
Modulation capabilities	- 100% sinusoidal modulation rate in the audio range 40 Hz to 7500 Hz - continuously at 75% average modulation rate with 10 minutes per hour at 100%
Input impedance	more than 5000 Ohms or 600 Ohms balanced within the audio range 40 Hz to 7500 Hz
Input level	- Nominal from 0 to 10 dBm for 100% modulation rate at 1000 Hz - Adjustable of ±9.9 dB by 0.1 dB steps
Frequency response	- in A3E mode : ±1 dB within the audio range 40 Hz to 7500 Hz relative to the level at 1000 Hz at any modulation rate between 30% and 80% - in trapezoidal mode : the audio response is modified by addition of filters to improve the intelligibility of speech - in R3E mode : ± dB within the audio range 300 Hz to 4500 Hz relative to the nominal PEP (600 kW) and the level at 1000 Hz with 80% modulation rate
Total harmonic distortion	- in A3E mode : 3.5% within the audio range 40 Hz to 7500 Hz and any modulation between 30% and 90%
Intermodulation distortion	- in A3E mode : with two equal test tones with 80% total modulation, 32 dB below either tone - in R3E mode : with two equal tones with 600 kW PEP, 35 dB below PEP
Unweighted noise	Less than 56 dB below level at 100% modulation rate at 1000 Hz measured within the audio bandwidth 40 to 15000 Hz
Weighted noise	Less than 66 dB below level at 100% modulation rate at 1000 Hz measured with filter CCIR rec 468-4
Voltage carrier shift	Less than 3% for 100% modulation rate at 1000 Hz exclusive of primary power line variations.
ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING CONDITIONS
Indoor ambient air temperature	+ 1°C to + 45°C
Outdoor ambient air temperature	- + 1°C to + 45° (Standard) - For lower or higher temperature specific solution will be provided
Altitude	- up to 2000 m (Standard) - higher altitude (on request)
Relative humidity	Less than 95% non condensing
MAINS POWER SUPPLY
Input power load	- Type : - 400 V - 3 phases - 4 wires (Standard) Quasi 12 pulse rectifier by combination of the windings of the power transformer - MV power supply with step down transformer (on request) - Admissible voltage variations : ±6% - Frequency : 50 Hz or 60 Hz ±2 Hz - Total power factor : better than 0.95 at rated power whatever the modulation rate - Maximum power consumption (A3E mode, 100% sine modulation rate, r = .75, PF = .95, VCS = 0) lt; 527 kva Calculation : 250 kW (1 + m²/2) (1/r) (1/PF) (1 - VCS)²
Overall Efficiency (including standard cooling system)	75% whatever the modulation rate. The standard cooling system includes high and low pressure ventilators as well as the integral water pump for the water/air heat exchanger
OPERATION
Local control	- From specific keypad associated with a high definition colour monitor
Remote control	- Fully remote controllable through standard RS 232 C interface
Fault integrator	3 shot reset system restarts at half power after repeated fault and shuts down if fault continuous in half power mode after 3 new resets
Personnel safety	meets EN 60215 (IEC 215)
POWER TECHNOLOGY
Power technology	- Highly efficient compact TSM -Thales Solid state Modulator- (IGBT) - Solid state RF IPA -Intermediate Power Amplifier- (MOSFET) - High efficiency, low stress final RF amplifier (HYPERVAPOTRON TUBE TH 558)
Specifications may change without notice

TUBE COMPLEMENT
RF stages		AF stages and modulator
Number	Type	Number	Type
1	TH558

THIS TYPE OF TRANSMITTER IS INSTALLED IN THE FOLLOWING COUNTRIES
	ITU	Country	ITU	Country
	MTN	MAURITANIA	OMA	OMAN
	E	SPAIN	THA	THAILAND